Investigation on the relationship between Eysenck personality type and the survival rate of traumatic amputated finger replantation based on preventive psychology.

This paper tried to observe the relationship between the personality of patients with different personalities and the survival rate of replantation of traumatic amputated finger, and analyzed the influencing factors. EPQ psychological quality scores of patients with different gender, average monthly family income and age were significantly different (P < 0.05). In terms of the internal and external tendency score of EPQ, there were statistical requirements for differences in the mean monthly income of patients from different families (P < 0.05). For the concealment degree of EPQ, there were statistical requirements for differences in gender, family income, education level and patient scores (P < 0.05). In terms of mental state, the scores were higher than the standard, whether from the perspective of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, or from the perspective of interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, paranoia and other dimensions, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Patients with different personality types have different psychological problems after accidental amputation and replantation, which is directly related to the survival rate of postoperative finger amputation. Therefore, in order to effectively improve the survival rate of patients with finger amputation, the psychological condition of patients can be assessed, early detection and intervention of patients' psychological problems, and appropriate intervention measures can be taken according to the personality characteristics of patients.

Assessing Eysenck's PEN model to describe personality in chimpanzees.

Questionnaires based on human models can be used to reliably assess personality also in non-human primates. In this study, we used an adapted version of Eysenck's Psychoticism-Extraversion-Neuroticism (PEN) model that focuses on three higher-order personality traits. Extending previous work on a small group of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), we tested 37 chimpanzees housed at Fundació Mona (Girona, Spain) and the Leipzig Zoo (Germany). We assessed personality with a 12-item questionnaire, which raters scored using a 7-point Likert scale. To identify the personality traits, we conducted data reduction with Principal Components Analysis and Robust Unweighted Least Squares. The ICCs for the single (3, 1) and average (3, k) ratings indicated substantial agreement between raters. Parallel analyses identified two factors to retain, whereas the scree plot inspection and eigenvalues larger than one rule identified three factors. Factor 1 and 2 in our study were identical to the ones previously described for this species (labelled Extraversion and Neuropsychoticism, respectively) and we also obtained a third factor that could be related to Dominance (Fearless Dominance). Thus, our results confirm the potential of the PEN model to describe chimpanzee personality structure.

Cross-sectional survey of smartphone addiction and its relationship with personality traits among medical students.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the current smart phone addiction tendency (SPAT) in medical university students and relationship with personality traits. METHODS: A cross-sectional study from September 2019 to December 2019 selected medical students from Hubei University of China by cluster sampling. Questionnaires were administered to measure smart phone addiction tendency and personality traits. RESULTS: The prevalence of SPAT among 972 medical students was 24.3%. The prevalence was higher in students from one-child family than those with siblings (28.2% vs. 21.7%), and higher among students from urban families than those from rural ones (29.2% vs. 19.7%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that extraversion and neuroticism were correlated with SPAT, with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval being equal to 1.070 (1.011-1.133) and 0.838 (0.795-0.844), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of SPAT was high in medical college students. Extraversion and neuroticism were risk and protective factors for SPAT. Long duration phone use and a low number of physical workouts predicted high SPAT.

What impact do personality traits have on self-perception of dental aesthetics?

BACKGROUND: Malocclusion has significant social, psychological and physical impacts on the quality of life. This study aimed to study psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among students, and how it was modified by personality traits. METHODS: Chinese version of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale of (EPQ-RSC) and Chinese version of Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) were used to investigate 555 undergraduate students, aged 18 to 24 years. The participants and investigators self-rated their own dental aesthetics using the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The malocclusion was assessed by two independent investigators using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of IOTN. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found for gender (p = 0.829) nor for majors (p = 0.598) in the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. Total and subscale PIDAQ scores differed significantly among the 3 IOTN grades. PIDAQ scores strongly correlated with Eysenck personality. The dimensions of extraversion and neuroticism, and dental health component grades had significant impact on participants' psychosocial well-being of dental aesthetics. CONCLUSIONS: Neurotic people with high self-concerns perceived greater psychosocial impact. Outgoing people appear to be less affected psychosocially by dental aesthetics.

Personality traits influence the effectiveness of hypomania checklist-32 in screening for bipolar disorder.

Background: It is clinically challenging to distinguish bipolar disorder (BD) from major depressive disorder (MDD) in the early stages. While the hypomania checklist-32 (HCL-32) is a proper auxiliary tool that is useful to differentiate between BD and MDD, there is currently no standard cut-off value. The variations in HCL-32 cut-off values could potentially be influenced by personality traits. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the effect of personality traits on the screening performance of HCL-32. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 168 patients with BD or MDD were evaluated with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and HCL-32. The associations between demographic data, diagnosis and clinical rating scales were analyzed. Results: Diagnosis was not associated with extraversion but was related to neuroticism. HCL-32 scores in typical extraverted patients were higher in contrast to atypical extraverted patients. The best cut-off value for BD recognition of typical and atypical extraversion groups were 15 and 12.5, respectively. In patients with MDD, HCL-32 score of typical neuroticism was higher than the atypical type, but there was no difference in patients with BD. In typical neuroticism, there was no difference in HCL-32 scores between patients with MDD and BD. But among atypical neurotic patients, HCL-32 scores of BD were higher compared to MDD, with a cut-off value of 14.5. Limitations: This study had a small sample size. Conclusion: HCL-32 scores were affected by personality traits, with higher scores for typical extraversion and neuroticism. Clinicians should also consider the patients' personality traits when referring to HCL-32 scores, so as to increase the recognition rate of BD and eliminate false positives.

Oral Health Status of Mothers According to Different Personality Traits and Influence on their Child's Oral Health: A Cross-sectional Survey.

Objective: Oral hygiene practices vary as per different personalities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the oral health status of mothers of various personality traits and its influence on their child's oral health. Materials and methods: The present study was a cross-sectional survey conducted among 450 mothers of 20-40 years having child of 3-7 years. "Eysenck Personality Questionnaire" was given to all the mothers to classify them into four different personality traits, i.e., Extroversion, Neuroticism, Lie scale, and Psychoticism; followed by an assessment of oral health status of both mothers and their child. Collected data were compiled in MS-Excel sheet and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Results were statistically analyzed with the analysis of variance (ANOVA). For pairwise intergroup multiple comparisons, post hoc Tukey test was applied. Association of child's oral health status with mother's oral health with respect to four different personality traits was done by linear regression analysis. From the present study it was seen that severity of dental caries status was more in psychoticism group as compared to other personality groups (p < 0.05) for mothers as well as children. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) was seen to be statistically significant with highest mean in Lie scale group. Conclusion: From the present study, it was concluded that there is a positive correlation with mother's personality traits and oral health status of mothers and their children. How to cite this article: Khobragade VR, Vishwakarma P, Dodamani AS, et al. Oral Health Status of Mothers According to Different Personality Traits and Influence on their Child's Oral Health: A Cross-sectional Survey. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(3):316-321.

Anticipating Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Depression in young adult with first episode of depression using childhood trauma and personality.

Objective: Relevant research focusing on young adults with Unipolar Depression (UD) and Bipolar Depression (BD) is limited. The current research aims to investigate childhood trauma and personality traits in young adults with UD and BD. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-five patients in a first depressive episode (diagnosed UD and BD), 16-25 years old, were recruited from Second Xiangya Hospital. And 79 healthy controls (HC) were recruited from the community to form the comparison group. Patients' childhood trauma was measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and personality was measured by Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare depression, anxiety, CTQ, and EPI scores between the HC (n = 79), UD (n = 131), and BD (n = 104) groups. Factors independently associated with mood disorders and BD were determined using binary logistic regression analyses. Results: Compared with HC, mood disorders had more severe anxiety and depression symptoms, and higher CTQ. Emotional abuse (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.08-2.01), emotional neglect (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.05-1.46), and neuroticism (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.16-1.35) were associated with significantly increased odds of mood disorders. Whereas, higher extraversion scores were a protective factor for mood disorders. Compared with UD, BD had more severe anxiety symptoms, and higher CTQ, than extraversion and neuroticism personality scores. Anxiety (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.02-1.08) and extraversion (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03-1.09) were associated with significantly increased odds of BD. Conclusion: Interventions to prevent childhood trauma may improve young adults' mental health. Using childhood trauma and personality to anticipate BD and UD creates more accurate treatment for young adults with first depression.

[Personality characteristics of erectile dysfunction patients with different traditional Chinese medicine syndromes].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between personality characteristics and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in ED patients. METHODS: We collected the general demographic data from 97 ED patients with different types of TCM syndromes, including the syndromes of liver-qi depression, fear-induced kidney injury, vital gate fire declination, heart and spleen deficiency, downward diffusion of damp-heat, yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity, and blood vessel stasis and obstruction. Using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), we analyzed the personality types of the patients by comparing their EPQ scores with those of the adult males in the national norm group. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found between the ED patients and the males in the national norm group in the EPQ scores on neuroticism (11.97 ± 5.58 vs 4.61 ± 2.93, P < 0.01) and extraversion-introversion (10.06 ± 3.66 vs 7.38 ± 2.85, P < 0.01). Different personality types were significantly associated with the TCM syndrome types of the ED patients (P < 0.01), choleric temperament and melancholic temperament correlated with the syndrome of liver-qi depression (P < 0.01), and sanguine temperament with that of fear-induced kidney injury (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: TCM syndrome differentiation has underlying correlations with personality characteristics. It is clinically feasible to divide ED into more subtypes based on correlation of the TCM syndrome differentiation with personality characteristics of the patient.

Brain reactivity to emotional stimuli in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder and related personality characteristics.

AIMS: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a psychiatric condition that is associated with the menstrual cycle. Elucidation of the neural regulation mechanisms of brain reactivity to emotional stimuli among women with PMDD may inform PMDD treatment. METHODS: Eighty-six women (42 PMDD, 44 healthy controls) were allocated into two groups (anger-induced group: 23 PMDD vs. 23 controls; depression-induced group: 19 PMDD vs. 21 controls). During the luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, all the women were subjected to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). fMRI resting-state scans were performed before and after the study participants had performed an emotional stimuli task. After the emotional stimuli task, emotional status of the participants were evaluated by Self-Rating Depression Scales (SDS) and Trait Anger Expression Inventory-II (STAXI-II). In addition, all the participants were requested to complete the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and the Twenty-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, all women with PMDD exhibited significantly high scores in Tas-20 (p<0.001), higher neuroticism and psychoticism scores as well as significantly low extraversion and social desirability scores (p<0.05). Compared to the controls, f-MRI revealed that PMDD women had elevated ReHo in the middle frontal gyrus (BA10), temporal lobe (BA42), left cerebellum (BA37), as well as decreased activation in the precuneus (BA7), superior frontal gyrus (BA8), lobulus paracentralis (BA6), and right cerebellum (BA48) (p<0.05). Moreover, depression stimuli showed that women with PMDD had elevated ReHo levels in the middle frontal gyrus (BA11), the middle gyrus (BA47) and in the cingulate gyrus (BA23) vs. healthy controls (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Women with more neuroticism and psychoticism, less extraversion and social desirability tend to report PMDD symptoms. Women with this condition experience difficulties in regulating emotions during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Abnormal ReHo levels in the precuneus, superior frontal gyrus, lobulus paracentralis, and right cerebellum may contribute to anger dysregulation. Hypoactivation in the middle frontal gyrus, the middle gyrus and the cingulate gyrus may be generally associated with depression dysregulation in PMDD.

Personality Traits Affect the Cost-Effectiveness of Total Knee Arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical benefit and compare the cost-effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with different personality traits. METHODS: The present study was retrospectively conducted from January 2017 to May 2018. A total of 232 patients between 46 and 71 years old who underwent unilateral, primary TKA with the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis were interviewed. Three types of data were required to compare the cost-effectiveness differences among groups: personality traits, postoperative clinical outcomes about health-related quality of life, and costs associated with TKA. Personality was assessed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, functional outcome was assessed through the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire, and costs were evaluated. Besides, the marginal cost-effectiveness ratio (MCER) as the primary outcome, which relates the direct costs to the associated patient benefit as assessed by the clinical endpoint ($/quality-adjusted life years [QALY]), was compared among different personality traits. All information for this study was acquired by directly interviewing the patients and reviewing the medical computer records at our hospital. RESULTS: Two hundred and eleven patients completed the final analysis with an average of 24.6 months follow-up postoperatively. The choleric group, sanguine group, melancholic group, and phlegmatic group has 41, 70, 46, and 54 patients, respectively. A statistically significant difference in MECR, QALYs, and postoperative WOMAC existed among different personality traits (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in mean age (P = 0.588), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.790), smoking (P = 0.934), heavy drinking (P = 0.994), chronic comorbidities (all P > 0.05), preoperative albumin <3.5 g/dL (P = 0.991), and American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) score (P = 0.687) among personality traits. More women tend to be melancholic in comparison to other personality traits (P = 0.016). Melancholic patients attested inferiority of TKA compared with other personality traits, who would pay for the same QALYs at the highest costs (P < 0.05). By contrast, sanguine patients have a more cost-effective TKA than other personality traits, as they pay the least money for the same QALYs (P < 0.05). Although phlegmatic and choleric patients seemingly have moderate gains from TKA, in general, the extroversion (measured by the extroversion subscale) and stability (measured by the neuroticism subscale) displayed more pleasurable QALYs in comparison with introversion and instability (P < 0.05). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results mentioned above appeared not to be sensitive when varying key parameters (prosthesis survival and life expectancy) in a one-way sensitivity analysis. Sanguine and melancholic patients still have the lowest and highest MCER in comparison with choleric and phlegmatic traits (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression showed that RA (adjusted OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.2-1.4, P < 0.01), ASA Class I-II (adjusted OR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.8-1.0, P < 0.001), sanguine (adjusted OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.7-0.9, P < 0.001) and melancholic (adjusted OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1-1.3, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with MCER. CONCLUSIONS: Before surgery, screening the melancholic patients would significantly reduce the economic burden, avoid unnecessary suffering, and shorten the recovery period.

The relationship between personality traits and BMI categories.

OBJECTIVE: To compare personality traits between average weight, overweight and obese people using Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A). Study design: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Place and duration of study: S. B. U Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital Family Medicine Obesity Policlinic and Family Medicine Outpatient Clinics, from November 2018 to January 2019. METHODS: Participants aged between 18 and 65 years (279 female and 150 male) were layered according to Turkish Endocrinology and Metabolism Society (TEMD) Body Mass Index (BMI) categories to compare personality traits between normal weight, overweight and obese people. Each layer was compared to each other in this study. A questionnaire, including socio-demographic form, and EPQR-A Form were applied to the participants. RESULTS: Patients aged between 18 and 65 years (279 female and 150 male) were evaluated according to BMI categories. There was a significant difference in psychoticism score averages by BMI categories (p<0.001). The mean of psychoticism scores showed a V-shaped distribution according to the BMI categories. There were no significant differences between the average scores of neuroticism and extraversion according to BMI categories (p=0.094; p=0.157, respectively). CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in psychoticism score averages by BMI categories. The mean of psychoticism scores showed a V-shaped distribution according to the BMI categories.

[Correlation between social psychology and personality characteristics and treatment options for adult patients with skeletal malocclusion].

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore factors affecting the dental aesthetic social psychology of patients with skeletal malocclusion and to measure the relationship between the objective orthodontic requirements and the subjective treatment requirements of patients. This work provides a reference for doctors to measure patients' orthodontic treatment needs. METHODS: Adult patients with skeletal malocclusion were chosen as the research object. Questionnaire survey was used to analyze factors influencing the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ), index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN), and Eysenck personality questionnaire-revised short scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC). The relationship among PIDAQ, IOTN, EPQ-RSC, and treatment options was also evaluated. RESULTS: Seventy-two valid questionnaires were collected from adult patients with skeletal malocclusion. 1) The PIDAQ scores significantly differed among different occupations (P<0.05) but were not affected by other general conditions such as gender and age. 2) Patients of different dental health component (DHC) grade and ages had different AC self-assessment scores (P<0.01, P<0.05). The AC self-assessment score was positively correlated with the PIDAQ score (P<0.05). 3) Males accounted for a higher proportion of patients who received treatment. Younger patients (18-28 years old) were more likely to receive treat-ment when their own dental aesthetics were poor. People with the higher monthly expenditure accounted for the larger proportion of surgical patients. 4) The PIDAQ score had no significant effects on the choice of opera-tion (P>0.05). People with low educational level were more likely to receive surgery if their psychosocial impacts of dental aes-thetics were serious. 5) The score of psychoticism scale of EPQ-RSC and the educa-tional level had a mutual influence on the PIDAQ score (P<0.01). Moreover, the neuroticism scale and AC self-assessment scores had a mutual influence on the PIDAQ score (P<0.05). However, this study did not find a correlation between personality traits and treatment options. CONCLUSIONS: Many factors, such as personal natural conditions, subjective aesthetic evaluation of teeth, and psychosocial impacts of dental aesthetics, affect patients' treatment options. Personality characteristics can play a certain role in dental aesthetics social psychology.

The Similarity Between Chinese Five-Pattern and Eysenck's Personality Traits: Evidence From Theory and Resting-State fMRI.

Chinese five-pattern and Eysenck's personality traits are two types of personality theories based on different cultural backgrounds. The former is an indigenous theory, and the latter is a cross-cultural theory. In order to verify the relationship between two different personality traits from theory and neuropsychology, the current study recruited 170 healthy adults to calculate their five-Pattern Personality Inventory (FPPI) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ) scales and to scan their brains using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Then, we performed stepwise-regression analysis and mediation-effect analysis to explore the association between brain regional homogeneity (ReHo) and two types of personality traits. The results showed that the ReHo of the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) positively correlated with TaiYang traits for FPPI and that there was a significant linear relationship with extraversion and neuroticism for EPQ. Besides, the ReHo of the right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) positively correlated with TaiYin for FPPI, and it also showed a significant linear relationship with neuroticism for EPQ. Furthermore, we found that extroversion and neuroticism partially mediated the relationship between five-pattern personality traits and the regional brain function, based on the mediation-effect analysis. Our findings suggest that Chinese five-pattern personality traits have a close relationship with Eysenck's personality traits and that both may be engaged in similar neurobiological mechanisms in common brain regions to some extent. Hence, these findings first reveal a relationship between Chinese traditional personality traits and Western Eysenck's personality traits in terms of both theoretical and neurobiological contexts.

King's College London's enquiry into Hans J Eysenck's 'Unsafe' publications must be properly completed.

This journal recently drew attention to an extensive body of highly questionable research published by Hans J. Eysenck in collaboration with Ronald Grossarth-Maticek. The subsequent enquiry by King's College London concluded that 26 publications were unsafe and warranted retraction. However, the enquiry reviewed only a subset of the 61 questionable publications initially submitted to them, only those Eysenck co-authored with Grossarth-Maticek. The enquiry excluded publications where Eysenck was the sole author. The King's College London enquiry must be properly completed. They have a pressing responsibility to re-convene and broaden their review to include all Eysenck's publications based on the same body of research - including an additional 27 publications recently uncovered. The unsatisfactory nature of the KCL review process makes the case for a National Research Integrity Ombudsperson even stronger.

Risk Factors for Difficult Sedation-free Colonoscopy / 胃肠病学

Background: Colonoscopy has been widely applied in clinic because of its value in screening, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal diseases. Discomfort and pain account for a great part of incomplete intubation during sedation-free colonoscopy. Aims: To identify the predictive factors for difficult sedation-free colonoscopy. Methods: Patients aged 18-80 years old undergone sedation-free colonoscopy at the Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University from January to December in 2017 were enrolled. The clinical data and medical history were collected. Each patient completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) with the help of nurse before colonoscopy. Sedation-free colonoscopy was performed by experienced endoscopist. The Ottawa bowel preparation scale and Visual Analog Scale were used to evaluate the quality of bowel cleansing and pain during the procedure. Results: The total cecum intubation rate was 97.1% (198/204), and 192 patients completing the EPQ were enrolled for analyses. Twenty-four patients had a difficult colonoscopy (intubation time prolonged to >10 min). By univariate analysis, gender, age, body mass index (BMI), history of surgery, pain level and score of Extraversion-Introversion Scale of EPQ (EPQ-E) were associated with difficulty during colonoscopy (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that history of pelvic surgery was a risk factor for difficult colonoscopy (OR=6.833, 95% CI: 2.396-19.488, P<0.001), whereas overweight (OR=0.190, 95% CI: 0.038-0.962, P=0.045) and score of EPQ-E ranged from 8-15 (OR=0.367, 95% CI: 0.150-0.896, P=0.028) were protective factors. Conclusions: History of pelvic surgery, lower BMI and extraversion or introversion personality may increase the difficulty during sedation-free colonoscopy. EPQ-E might be used for selecting candidates of sedation-free colonoscopy when it is performed by an inexperienced endoscopist.

Correlation between social psychology and personality characteristics and treatment options for adult patients with skeletal malocclusion / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aims to explore factors affecting the dental aesthetic social psychology of patients with skeletal malocclusion and to measure the relationship between the objective orthodontic requirements and the subjective treatment requirements of patients. This work provides a reference for doctors to measure patients' orthodontic treatment needs.@*METHODS@#Adult patients with skeletal malocclusion were chosen as the research object. Questionnaire survey was used to analyze factors influencing the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ), index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN), and Eysenck personality questionnaire-revised short scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC). The relationship among PIDAQ, IOTN, EPQ-RSC, and treatment options was also evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Seventy-two valid questionnaires were collected from adult patients with skeletal malocclusion. 1) The PIDAQ scores significantly differed among different occupations (P0.05). People with low educational level were more likely to receive surgery if their psychosocial impacts of dental aes-thetics were serious. 5) The score of psychoticism scale of EPQ-RSC and the educa-tional level had a mutual influence on the PIDAQ score (P<0.01). Moreover, the neuroticism scale and AC self-assessment scores had a mutual influence on the PIDAQ score (P<0.05). However, this study did not find a correlation between personality traits and treatment options.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Many factors, such as personal natural conditions, subjective aesthetic evaluation of teeth, and psychosocial impacts of dental aesthetics, affect patients' treatment options. Personality characteristics can play a certain role in dental aesthetics social psychology.

On the Neurobiological Role of Oxidative Stress in Alcohol-Induced Impulsive, Aggressive and Suicidal Behavior.

Objectives: Alcohol abuse is known to result in behavioral impairments (such as increased impulsivity, aggressive, and suicidal behavior), but the neurobiological basis for these behavioral impairments remains unknown. The objective of this review is to propose a neurobiological basis for alcohol-induced aggression, impulsivity, and suicidal behavior. Methods: Search was done by accessing PubMed/Medline, EBSCO, and PsycINFO databases. The search string used was "(Alcohol OR Alcoholism* OR Alcohol Abuse) AND (Behavior* OR Behavioral Impairment or Disorder) AND (Oxidative Stress OR Reactive Oxygen Species)." The electronic databases were searched for titles or abstracts containing these terms in all published articles between January 1, 1960, and May 31, 2019. The search was limited to studies published in English and other languages involving both animal and human subjects. Articles selected included randomized clinical trials (RCTs), observational studies, meta-analyses, and both systemic and narrative reviews, providing both quantitative and qualitative information with a measure of alcohol abuse or alcoholism as an outcome. Exclusion criteria were unpublished data of any form, including conference proceedings and dissertation. New key terms were identified (new term included: "Antioxidants, Neurotransmitters, Dopamine, Serotonin, GABA, Glutamate. Aggression, Impulsivity, Suicidal Behavior, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, limbic system, psychiatric disorders, PTSD, Anxiety, Depression. These new terms were searched with Alcohol or Alcoholism or Alcohol Abuse and Oxidative Stress separately resulting in the identification of over 3000 articles. 196 were included in this article. Results: Multiple lines of evidence indicate that oxidative stress (OS) plays a critical underlying role in alcohol toxicity and behavioral impairments. Conclusions/Importance: People diagnosed with PTSD, anxiety disorder, depression, and those with a personality high in psychoticism as measured by the P Scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, with comorbid alcohol abuse or alcohol use disorder (AUD), may display increased impulsivity, aggression, and suicidal behavior because of the potentiating effect of alcohol-induced OS on their elevated brain oxidative status. Antioxidant therapy should be an integral part of acute alcohol intoxication and AUD treatment. Further research is necessary to fully understand the relationship between OS and alcohol-induced behavioral impairments.

A propaganda e os traços de personalidade em crianças / The propaganda and personality traits in children

O ato de consumir gradativamente tem se tornado sinônimo de felicidade, status e realização. A publicidade utiliza da comunicação para propagar suas ações criando novas necessidades de aquisição ocasionando efeitos de alegria e satisfação. Neste sentido, este enquadre poderia estar relacionado à consolidação de traços de personalidade nas crianças, considerando que estas se encontram em fase de desenvolvimento, ou seja, no processo de direcionamento dos traços de personalidade. Sendo assim, o presente estudo contou com a participação de 50 crianças com idade entre seis e 12 anos (M=9,31; DP=1,33), sendo 54% do sexo feminino e os respectivos responsáveis, por meio da aplicação de um questionário com questões relacionadas ao consumo de propaganda, além da Escala de Traços de Personalidade para Crianças (ETPC) com o objetivo de verificar tal correlação. Os resultados indicaram correlação positiva de magnitude moderada do tempo de exposição à televisão com o traço de psicoticismo (0,47) e negativa de magnitude baixa com socialização (-0,36) indicando relação com os direcionamentos dos traços em sua formação.

Advertising uses of communication to propagate their actions creating new needs for acquisition, causing effects of joy and satisfaction. In this sense, this framework could be related to consolidation of personality traits in children, considering that they are in the development phase, i.e. the process of targeting of personality traits. Thus, the present study had the participation of 50 children aged between six and 12 years (Average =9,31; Standard Deviation =1,33), being 54% female and the respective responsible, through the application of a questionnaire with questions related to advertising, consumption beyond the Escala de Traços de Personalidade para Crianças (ETPC) in order to verify such a correlation. The results showed positive correlation of moderate magnitude of exposure time on TV with the Psychoticism dash (0.47) and low magnitude with negative socialization (-0.36) indicating the directions of strokes in your training.

The Hans Eysenck affair: Time to correct the scientific record.

The Journal of Health Psychology publishes here Dr Anthony Pelosi's analysis of questionable science by one of the world's best-known psychologists, the late Professor Hans J Eysenck. The provenance of a huge body of data produced by Eysenck and Ronald Grossarth-Maticek is highly controversial. In Open letters to King's College London and the British Psychological Society, this editor is requesting a thorough investigation of the facts together with retraction or correction of 61 publications. Academic institutions have a conflict of interest concerning allegations of misconduct, which is why I believe that the only way forward is to have a National Research Integrity Ombudsperson to investigate allegations.

[Psychological factors and penile blood supply in patients with erectile dysfunction].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the psychological factors and blood supply to the penis in ED patients. METHODS: From August to November 2018, we obtained Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) scores and conducted an Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) investigation among 106 ED patients in our Department of Andrology, followed by the test of intracavernosal injection of the vasoactive agent (ICI-VAA) and color duplex Doppler ultrasonography (CDDU). According to the results of ICI-VAA and CDDU, we divided the patients into a normal and an abnormal group, compared their item and total scores on SCL-90 with the national norm by t-test and analyzed the distribution of personality types in different groups by Chi-square test. RESULTS: The results of ICI-VAA and CDDU showed 42 cases to be normal and the other 64 abnormal. Compared with the normal group, the abnormal cases exhibited significantly decreased peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the left and right corpus cavernosum (ï¼»30.90 ± 6.83ï¼½ vs ï¼»19.39 ± 5.07ï¼½ cm/s, P < 0.01; ï¼»30.74 ± 7.00ï¼½ vs ï¼»18.98 ± 4.57ï¼½ cm/s, P < 0.01), but increased end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in the left corpus cavernosum (ï¼»1.77 ± 2.38ï¼½ vs ï¼»3.21 ± 2.78ï¼½ cm/s, P < 0.01). The ED patients undergoing ICI-VAA and CDDU obtained remarkably higher SCL-90 scores than the national norm on depression (1.70 ± 0.64 vs 1.50 ± 0.59, P < 0.01), anxiety (1.62 ± 0.56 vs 1.39 ± 0.43, P < 0.01), compulsion (1.86 ± 0.61 vs 1.62 ± 0.58, P < 0.01), hostility (1.65 ± 0.66 vs 1.48 ± 0.56, P < 0.01), phobia (1.33 ± 0.45 vs 1.23 ± 0.41, P = 0.02), and psychoticism (1.61 ± 0.55 vs 1.29 ± 0.41, P < 0.01) as well as a higher total score (1.61 ± 0.48 vs 1.44 ± 0.48, P < 0.01). The patients with normal results of CDDU got markedly increased scores on anxiety (1.60 ± 0.53, P < 0.01), compulsion (1.83 ± 0.63, P = 0.02) and psychoticism (1.61 ± 0.48, P < 0.01), and so did those with abnormal results of CDDU on depression (1.73 ± 0.65, P < 0.01), anxiety (1.64 ± 0.59, P < 0.01), compulsion (1.88 ± 0.60, P < 0.01), hostility (1.68 ± 0.75, P < 0.01), phobia (1.35 ± 0.44, P = 0.02), psychoticism (1.61 ± 0.59, P < 0.01) and an increased total score as well (1.63 ± 0.51, P < 0.01). Statistically significant differences were not found in either the item scores or the total score on SCL-90 (P > 0.05), nor in the distribution of the EPQ personality types between the normal and abnormal cases (χ2 = 1.12, P = 0.77). CONCLUSIONS: The personality types of ED patients are mainly phlegmatic and melancholic, and their psychological problems chiefly include depression and anxiety, which are more serious in those with insufficient penile blood supply.